FRANCIS RUFUS BELLAMY & CHARLES E. CAUGHLIN

Frightening information about the history of the Pledge of Allegiance is at http://rexcurry.net/book1a1contents-pledge.html (with shocking historical photographs) and for fascinating information about symbolism see http://rexcurry.net/book1a1contents-swastika.html 

Francis Rufus Bellamy (1886-1972) was the author of many novels, including "Atta: A Novel of a Most Extraordinary Adventure" a fantasy [New York: A.A. Wyn, 1953; Ace; Pocket]. He also authored "Blood Money, the Story of U.S. Treasury Secret Agents," "The Private Life of George Washington" and "Spanish Faith: A Romance of Old Mexico and the Caribbean." He was also a magazine editor (The New Yorker, The Outlook), reporter and publisher.

A distant cousin to Bellamy, who was also named Francis Bellamy, wrote the Pledge of Allegiance, which first appeared in Youth's Companion, a weekly magazine on Sept. 8, 1892.  His whole name was Francis Julius Bellamy (May 18, 1855 - August 28, 1931).

A cousin to the author of the Pledge of Allegiance was Edward Bellamy, and he was also a novelist who wrote fantasy, including his most famous novel "Looking Backward, From 2000 to 1887" published in 1888. He also wrote "The Duke of Stockbridge," "Dr. Heidenhoff's Process" and "Mrs. Ludington's Sister." In it he portrays a utopian society which would evolve by the year 2000.

The social critic Rex Curry (author of "Pledge of Allegiance Secrets") showed that the Bellamys were part of a long line of fantasy writers who espoused socialism and government.

Some of the ignorant socialist fantasies that inspired the Bellamy line were inspired by Edward Bellamy's great-grandfather, Joseph Bellamy (1719-1790). Joseph, and his older cohort, Jonathan Edwards, both of Connecticut, were among the leaders of a movement known as "The Great Awakening," a religious revival that struck the country in 1740. Joseph Bellamy wrote and spoke extensively in support of his utopian fantasy.

In 1762, Joseph Bellamy delivered a sermon to the General Assembly of Connecticut and denounced competition, blamed competition for poverty, and advocated vague "cooperation" instead. 

The name Francis Rufus Bellamy was influenced by Rufus King Bellamy was born (1816 - 1886). Francis the editor was born and named in the year that Rufus King Bellamy died. He was father to Frederick, Edward, and Charles.  Rufus was a younger brother of David Bellamy (the father of Francis Bellamy). Both Rufus and David spent their lives in the ministry preaching their versions of utopia.  Rufus and his wife (Maria Putnam Bellamy) preached to their three sons the need for activist altruism. 

Charles and Edward Bellamy went on to write about utopian stories and fantasy tales. Charles wrote "Were They Sinners?" and "The Breton Mills" (1879) in which he used vague altruism to justify a socialist government. Edward followed the same route with "The Religion of Solidarity" and his totalitarian utopian fantasy "Looking Backward From 2000 to 1887," both considered part of the "Christian Socialism" dogma. Both brothers inpired their cousin, Francis Bellamy (author of the Pledge of Allegiance).  

In 1934, Francis Rufus Bellamy wrote Priest of the air (Father Charles E. Caughlin) and it was published in Readers Digest, April 1934, Vol. 24, No. 144.
We hold these truths 1942,
Conversations across the nation 1954

The Balance: A Novel By Francis Rufus Bellamy (1917)
Page 123
"The man is a crank, a dynamiter, anarchist, socialist—I don't know what all. What have we got to do with it?" "We have closed our ears to him," answers ...
Page 124
... Dimly he recognizes a real enemy when he sees one; and this Rouse, although he does not exactly under-stand why, rouses his last ...
Page 187
... conditions can be bettered, he is furious, and says that I have become a Socialist and Anarchist and IWW—I wonder if he thinks they are all the same? ...
Page 199
... CHAPTER XIV IN WHICH A DEPRESSION PLAYS THE DEUCE WITH THEM ALL, AND SAMMY HEARS SOME Music Before any premature applauding is done, however, ...

Francis Rufus Bellamy The Balance 1917, A flash of Gold 1922, We hold these truths 1942,
The Private Life of George Washington 1951, Conversations across the nation 1954, Atta 1954,

BELLAMY, FRANCIS R(ufus) (1886-1972) (chron.)

    * * A Flash of Gold, (sl) Everybody’s Magazine Jun, Jul, Aug, Sep 1922
    * * March Winds, (sl) Everybody’s Magazine Dec 1924, Jan, Feb, Mar 1925
    * * Thick in the Head and Big in the Feet, (ss) Pictorial Review Apr 1928

Francis R. Bellamy, "The Theatre," Outlook and Independent, 151 (February 27, 1828), 331.
1928?

Reader’s Digest  May 1944; Vol. 44, No. 265
Espionage Deluxe By Francis Rufus Bellamy.

February 1945; Vol. 46, No. 274
Poison From Europe By Francis Rufus Bellamy.

January 1935; Vol. 26, No. 153
The Magic Twist by Francis Rufus Bellamy.
A Better Place to live in by Edward W. Bok.
The Case for Professional Football by John R. Tunis.

April 1934; Vol. 24, No. 144
Priest of the air (Father Charles E. Caughlin) by Francis Rufus Bellamy.

May 1934; Vol. 24, No. 145
Czarina Of the theatre -- Theresa Helburn -- by Francis Rufus Bellamy.

November 1933; Vol 24, No 139
Women Do Better by Francis Rufus Bellamy.

December 1934; Vol 25, No 152
Evangelist of Music ( Joe Maddy ) by Francis Rufus Bellamy.

February 1934; Vol. 24, No. 142
Hypnotist of Millions (Hitler) by Shepard Stone.
Gentlemen of the Jury by Francis Rufus Bellamy.

August 1934; Vol. 25, No. 148
When you Write Abroad by Francis Rufus Bellamy.
New Dealt Hands in Washington by Cornelius Vanderbilt Jr.

 ED LACY: NEW YORK CITY CRIME AUTHOR - by Ed Lynskey
On Sunday, January 7, 1968, crime author Leonard “Len” S. Zinberg, perhaps better known by his Ed Lacy pseudonym, suffered a fatal coronary in a laundromat near his 75 St. Nicholas Place residence in north Harlem.  “Lynch Him!” in Francis R. Bellamy’s monthly Fiction Parade (July 1935) by its title alone suggested Zinberg’s deep-seated concerns with racial matters.  The white Zinberg was enmeshed in the black culture by more than his interracial marriage to Esther (in articles he referred to her as “the wife”).

From Amazon.com

"The Conversation in New York,"
in The Architect at Mid-Century. Vol. II: Conversations across the Nation. Edited by Francis R. Bellamy. New York: Reinhold Publishing Co., 1954. pp. 5-30.
A transcript of a conversation among a group of twelve persons, representing such professions as architecture, teaching, law, and the arts, dealing with the future of America and the kind of professional education our educators must provide young men and women.

Voices of Protest: Huey Long, Father Coughlin, & the Great Depression (Vintage)
Alan Brinkley states “During a month early in 1935, the Royal Oak postmaster paid out almost $55,000 on such [postal money orders to Father Coughlin]” and cites footnote 36 Marquis W. Childs, “Father Coughlin: A Success Story of the Depression," New Republic 78 (1934), 32(-27; Francis Rufus Bellamy, "Priest of the Air," n.p., n.d., 1934, p. 17, Raymond Clapper MSS, Library of Congress; W. L. Slattery to James ..."

The Conservative Press in Twentieth-Century America (Historical Guides to the World's Periodicals and Newspapers) Ronald Lora, William Henry Longton
Price: $175.00    on Page 274:
In November 1939, the new journal Scribner’s Commentator appeared. Francis Rufus Bellamy, long a prominent magazine editor, was its first editor, with Lowell Thomas relegated to advisory editor.  In March 1940, the publishing firm reorganized with Charles S. Payson as president and Douglas M. Stewart as vice-president.  Stewart was a conservative Wall Street Economist who strongly opposed the socialist New Deal.  By the middle of 1940, Bellamy and Thomas had gone.  
In 1930, Francis Rufus Bellamy had been editor of the magazine Outlook.

The book “It Can't Happen Here� (1935) by Sinclair Lewis is eye-popping and more educational than any government schools (socialist schools). With the growth of the National Socialist German Workers’ Party, Sinclair Lewis warned of socialism here.

Lewis was the first American to be awarded the Nobel Prize in literature. He also wrote Main Street, Babbitt, Arrowsmith, Elmer Gantry and Dodsworth and many others.

The book was written in a frenzy of 12-hour days, seven days a week. Lewis finished Aug. 13, and the book came out two months later, on Oct. 21.

Time was of the essence, because socialism was thriving all about, not just overseas in the form of the National Socialist German Workers’ Party and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, but domestically as well in dubious movements led by such charismatic prophets as the author Edward Bellamy (“Looking Backward� and the Nationalism/socialism movement in the U.S.) and demagogues such as Father Coughlin, and others.

The premise underlying “It Can't Happen Here� is that socialism could lead to a dictator here. But while the National Socialist German Workers’ Party and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics are the models Lewis borrowed, he transferred them, albeit somewhat stiffly, to the streets of Zenith and Gopher Prairie.

The novel centers a newspaper editor, Doremus Jessup, and his response to Sen. Berzelius ("Buzz") Windrip’s win of the presidency in the 1936 election.

Of course, the U.S. president was Franklin Delano Roosevelt (1933-1945), perhaps the worst president of all time, and he was stepping onto the same path already trod by the National Socialist German Workers’ Party and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, even to the extent of massive nationalization of industry and imposing the Nazi-numbering of the social security system that still numbers infants from births to tax and track everyone for life.

Sinclair’s book reveals his own blindness about his own plot, given that Lewis admired Franklin Roosevelt and feared he would founder in the 1936 election.

Even reviewers of Lewis’ book back then and today (see below) reveal the same blindness about the plot as they write entire reviews repeating the silly, hackneyed terms “Nazism� or “fascism� or “Stalinist communism� and never revealing the actual names “Union of Soviet Socialist Republics,� or “National Socialist German Workers’ Party.

The reviewers back then and the reviewers today share another blindness that Lewis suffered: They all seem ignorant of the fact that, when Lewis wrote his book, the Pledge of Allegiance to the flag used a straight-arm salute. As the Dr. Rex Curry discovered, it was the origin of the salute of the National Socialist German Workers’ Party. The Pledge was written by Francis Bellamy, a self-proclaimed National Socialist in America. Francis was the cousin to Edward Bellamy, author of the National Socialist bible “Looking Backward� which was an international bestseller, translated into Germany and popular there. Both cousins preached “military socialism� here and abroad. They wanted the government to take over all schools. When the government granted their wish, it imposed segregation by law and taught racism as official government policy. It did so all through the existence of the National Socialist German Workers’ Party and for two decades or more thereafter. A mnemonic device is the swastika. Although the swastika was an ancient symbol, Professor Curry discovered that it was also used sometimes by German National Socialists to represent meshed "S" letters for their "socialism." Hitler altered his own signature to use the same stylized "S" letter for "socialist" and similar alphabetic symbolism still shows on Volkswagens.

Doremus' opposition to Windrip grows as the socialist screws of his rule tighten. By novel's end it is 1939 (Interesting to note, that is the year that the National Socialist German Workers’ Party joined as allies with the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics in part of WWII to invade Poland in a pact to divide up Europe). Doremus has escaped from a concentration camp, where he has been beaten, and is sneaking into the country from Canada to assist the growing resistance.

Doremus says it is "Revolution in terms of Rotary" referring to the idiosyncratically local nature of the President’s movement.

The novel has many qualities. There is Lewis' inimitable skill as a satirist and mimic. George S. Kaufman said that Satire is what closes Saturday night; however, in 1935 readers who knew Lewis' writing had to be attracted to that feature of the book. The satire is blantant and mocking.
The novel sold well at 320,000 total copies and was reviewed with praise. It garnered the top of being banned by the National Socialist German Workers’ Party.

The brain-stealers / a novel of a most extraordinary adventure / by Francis Rufus Bellamy Atta / Murray Leinster The Brain Stealers (1954)    (The Man in the Iron Cap)

Francis Rufus Bellamy (1886-?) American editor, one SF novel "Atta"
     [New York: A.A. Wyn, 1953; Ace; Pocket]

From June 24, 2005

Estate sale prompts memories
Andrea Hunter Halgrimson, The Forum
Published Saturday, December 04, 2004
http://www.in-forum.com

Many years ago, I met Rufus Bellamy through a mutual friend and he came to our house for dinner.

He was a gentle man and a gentleman, a charming conversationalist and fine storyteller. As a second-generation American, I was rather awed by his family stories.

The Bellamys came from England in 1630. And they proliferated. However, they were not very original in the choice of names for their progeny and it is difficult to sort them out.

Bellamy was born Nov. 11, 1928, in New York City. He was the son of Francis Rufus Bellamy, whose novels include "Atta: A Novel of a Most Extraordinary Adventure," "Blood Money, the Story of U.S. Treasury Secret Agents," "The Private Life of George Washington" and "Spanish Faith: A Romance of Old Mexico and the Caribbean." He was also a magazine editor (The New Yorker, The Outlook), reporter and publisher.

His mother, Virginia Woods Bellamy, invented what she called "number knitting" in the 1940s. In 1948, she obtained a U.S. patent for the technique and in 1952 she published "And the Evening and the Morning," a book on the subject. Today the method is known as modular knitting and is based on the production of various units using the garter stitch.

The late Rufus Bellamy's home and personal items will be auctioned Thursday and Friday. Bellamy bought the barn-turned-home at 1201 River Drive S. in Moorhead in the late 1980s.
Photo by Dave Wallis, The Forum
Bellamy house

Rufus Bellamy graduated from The Putney School in Vermont and earned his undergraduate and master's degrees at Yale. After teaching at Amherst and Skidmore colleges, Bellamy joined Moorhead State University's English Department in 1964.

Bellamy taught a variety of courses, including Homer, mythology and the Bible as literature. He retired in 1993. He taught himself Greek and at the time of his death, he was still teaching Greek to a student, as well as editing Homer's "Iliad." He died Aug. 19, 2004, in Fargo.

A distant cousin of Bellamy's father, Francis Rufus Bellamy, who was also named Francis Rufus Bellamy, wrote the Pledge of Allegiance, which first appeared in Youth's Companion, a weekly magazine on Sept. 8, 1892. The pledge was written for ceremonies celebrating Columbus' discovery of America.

A cousin of his father's cousin with the same name, Edward Bellamy was, among other things, a novelist. He wrote "The Duke of Stockbridge," "Dr. Heidenhoff's Process" and "Mrs. Ludington's Sister," but his most famous novel was "Looking Backward, 2000-1887" published in 1888. In it he examines American capitalism and portrays a utopian society which would evolve by the year 2000.

He was not impressed with his ancestry. In a 1988 interview he said, "All such connections, or in my case disconnections, are what you want to make of them. I've never taken advantage of them."

He said he had become a confirmed Midwesterner. "This part of the country is one of the nation's best kept secrets. We ought to keep it that way."

Bellamy's home for many years was an old barn in Moorhead at 1201 River Drive S. According to Forum files, the structure was built in the early 1940s by Clifford H. Warner of Fargo as a stable. It stood on a 12-acre tract and held 18 or 20 horses which Warner intended to breed for blooded stock. However, the building and land were sold to Newday Seeds Inc., Fargo, in 1943.

According to Mark Peihl, archivist at the Clay County Historical Society, in the spring of 1944 the government chose the barn to use as barracks for German POWs coming from Iowa to work on farms of Hank Peterson and Paul Horn in Clay County. The neighbors objected and another site was selected.

The barn was apparently made into apartments and Rufus Bellamy bought it for his home in the late 1980s. The barn as well as Bellamy's personal effects are now for sale.

Considering Bellamy's many interests, profession and heritage, no wonder the barn has several libraries. The building seemed to be a work in progress with projects being assembled in various places.

The place is filled with antique furniture and tableware, some contemporary local art, a wooden canoe, snowshoes, cookware, computers, rugs and all of the other gatherings of a lifetime. Bellamy had apparently received numerous items from his mother's estate and owned many of the garments she had created.

Everyone who knew Bellamy - students, colleagues, friends - had stories to tell. He was much loved and respected by all who knew him.

A sale will be held this week. A preview takes place 4 to 7 p.m. Wednesday. The sale begins on Thursday and Friday, from 9 a.m. to 6 p.m., and goes from 9 a.m. to noon Saturday.

Resources: Forum library; Pat Hanson; Glenn Tornell ; Mark Peihl, Clay County Historical Society; Roland and Beth Dille, Moorhead; http://history.vineyard.net/pdgech3.htm; www.girlfromauntie.com/journal/030224.asp; www.cooperativeindividualism.org/bellamybio.html

Readers can reach Forum history columnist Andrea Hunter Halgrimson at ahalgrimson@forumcomm.com

Photo caption: The late Rufus Bellamy's home and personal items will be auctioned Thursday and Friday. Bellamy bought the barn-turned-home at 1201 River Drive S. in Moorhead in the late 1980s. Photo by Dave Wallis, The Forum
    
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Excerpt - Back Matter: "... Success Story of the Depression," New Republic 78 (1934), 32(-27; Francis Rufus Bellamy, "Priest of the Air," n.p., n.d., 1934, p. 17, Raymond ..."
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Excerpt - page 539: "... another cop crashed his blackjack into her face three times. Francis Rufus Bellamy, editor of the sedate magazine Outlook, watched from an office ..."
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“Lynch Him!” in Francis R. Bellamy’s monthly Fiction Parade (July 1935) by its title alone suggested Zinberg’s deep-seated concerns with racial matters.  The white Zinberg was enmeshed in the black culture by more than his interracial marriage to Esther (in articles he referred to her as “the wife”).

Francis Rufus Bellamy

I thought of dedicating to
FRANCIS R. BELLAMY
Author of "The Balance"
Whose Talent I Revere,
But Whose Syntax I Deplore

 What is the essence of American patriotism? Since all nations display patriotism, what distinguishes American patriotism from others? And why should we prefer it? The answer to those questions was stated well by Francis R. Bellamy in the preface to his 1942 book entitled We Hold These Truths . The book was compiled during the Second World War and businesses gave it away to their employees to remind Americans of what this country is all about. Bellamy wrote, "Where most patriotism is rooted in love of geopolitical place, America's is basically rooted in spirit." In other words, American patriotism is focused on the territory within our national borders, but it is grounded in recognition of the transcendent spirit of freedom which comes from God and calls us to ever-greater expression of it. The foundations of America are spiritual, not material. God is the source of our liberty, our rights and our justice. The inscription on our coinage says it clearly: "In God we trust." The Great Seal of the United States, designed by a committee of the Signers of the Declaration of Independence (some of whom were Masons, hence the Masonic symbolism) and now widely seen on the one dollar bill, portrays it: an unfinished thirteen-tier pyramid representing the new nation, topped by the all-seeing eye of God and the inscription Annuit Coeptis , "He blesses our work."
America is rooted in a transcendent vision of the divine unity of creation under the governance of the Creator, precisely as the perennial philosophy holds. American patriotism appreciates our nation as the modern political embodiment of ancient spiritual wisdom--a wisdom which recognizes timeless spiritual principles at the base of our existence as Divine Providence acts in the world and in human affairs. American patriotism honors the presence of the sacred in everyday life--indeed, in the life of each individual. As Thomas Jefferson enunciated it in the Declaration of Independence, "We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable rights " So, American patriotism is not bound to a place but is essentially a state of mind, a deepening of spiritual vision, a growth in human consciousness of God and God's action in the world.
As such, America is an experiment in human living based on the idea of expanding personal freedom in a context of community relationship and social responsibility to create the ideal society--a heaven on Earth. However, it is an unfinished experiment and will not be completed until the entire human race enjoys the blessings of liberty we Americans now have. The Liberty Bell is inscribed with the words of Leviticus 25:10: "Proclaim liberty throughout all the land unto all the inhabitants thereof." Intelligent patriotism--that is, the American Spirit--proclaims liberty and its blessings throughout all the world unto the inhabitants thereof. It seeks to extend the best of the American way of life to all people through peaceful means such as education, fair trade and commerce, humanitarian aid, moral suasion and compelling example, rather than through exploitive business practices and manipulative foreign policy serving special interests and power groups. Our foundations are spiritual faith and moral insight into the nature of reality and the design for creation; our foundation documents express that in the absolute values of God-given individual rights, equality and justice under law. Through intelligent patriotism, Americans can fashion a society which builds world unity and removes institutional forms of bondage and barriers to freedom and equality of opportunity.
The concept of a radically new social order is found in many traditions--both sacred and secular--which envision a change in human life, a change which resolves societal disharmonies and allows people to fulfill their deepest longings for peace, truth, self-fulfillment and freedom from the age-old problem of man's inhumanity to man. It is the social expression of the perennial philosophy in action. The most familiar and advanced form of that is called "the American dream," a profoundly spiritual vision expressed on the Great Seal of the United States as Novus Ordo Seclorum , "the new order of the ages." That is the work which God blesses--the creation of a new social order, symbolized by the pyramid on our Great Seal, expressing an enlightened understanding of divinity and our relation to it as one people.