UNION OF SOVIET SOCIALIST REPUBLICS RUSSIAN SWASTIKAS & SALUTES
How Stalin, Mao
& Hitler and the USSR & PRC & NSDAP were
influenced by socialists in the USA, the Pledge Of Allegiance
etc.,
Swastikas, Red Stars, Hammer and Sickle http://rexcurry.net/swastika4.gif
The Swastika's two crossed S-letters stand for "Soviet Socialist."
^ Hammer and Sickle
Tattoos of the USSR and
Soviet Socialist Swastikas are related to tattoo topics in the
USSA (United Socialist States of America) http://rexcurry.net/tattoos.html
Soviet Socialist Swastikas are scary
reminders of similar symbolism under the National Socialist German Workers
Party. It is a scary reminder of tattooing
that was forced upon people persecuted in Germany. It is related swastika fetishism,
and the "Socialist Slavery" symbolized by the overlapping S-letters
of the swastika under the NSDAP. See http://rexcurry.net/book1a1contents-swastika.html
LEARN
HOW AMERICAN GIRL SCOUTS & SCOUTING SPREAD THE NAZI SALUTE & SWASTIKA
Oppose the National Socialist German Workers'
Party and its socialist legacies that exist in today's
government.
For more information
regarding Nazi policies in the USA see http://rexcurry.net/police-state.html
A lot of fascinating
research examines how socialists and their propaganda
have haunted the world. Many authors worry today about
a future filled with persecution and global socialism.
Those worries find relevance in the enormous size and scope
of government worldwide.
After 1917, socialism was imposed in Russia when the
former Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) was
formed after the Russian Revolution of 1917, and the Russian
Civil War of 1918-1920. The propaganda machinary introduced
a new symbol for the new government: the swastika. http://rexcurry.net/ussr-socialist-swastika-cccp-sssr.html
The Soviet swastika was so popular
that paper money printed with the dates 1917 and 1918 carried
large swastikas in the center of the bills (on denominations
of 250, 1000, 5000, & 10,000). Three of the denominations bore three separate
swastikas across the front (the 250 denomination bore one swastika). The
Soviet swastika notes continued to be issued after the 1917 revolution(s).
http://rexcurry.net/ussr-socialist-swastika1917-1000b.JPG
In 1919, the same 250 ruble note that had
carried the swastika carried at the very top of the
soviet socialist bill the phrase "Proletarier aller Länder
vereinigt Euch" in the German language and in English (Workers'
of the world unite!") and in other languages. The USSR
was actively and openly spreading socialism in Germany (and
globally) and using non-russian languages to do so: German, English, and
other languages that use the "S" letter for words like "Soviet" and "Socialist."
The 250 ruble note also contained Soviet Socialism's new version
of the soviet swastika: the hammer and sickle. http://rexcurry.net/swastika4.gif
A similar fad grew in
Germany, where the swastika symbol was popular with socialists
and became the sign of the National Socialist German Workers'
Party (NSGWP).
The double-S symbol of the swastika was used as a socialist
symbol for an alternative to the widespread symbol for capitalism
and capitalist money (the dollar sign or "$"). http://rexcurry.net/socialisthate.html
Soviet Socialists and German Socialists also
saw that the swastika was adopted by American soldiers in
the 45th Infantry Division and in the Escadrille Lafayette Americaine
during World War I and adorned American soldiers' shoulder patches,
flags and planes used in the fight against Germany. http://rexcurry.net/45th-infantry-division-swastika-sooner-soldiers.html
Through the work of socialists in the USA,
the USSR, and Germany respectively, the swastika
became a global symbol of socialism.
At the time that the Soviet swastika began, there existed the Petrograd
Soviet of Workers' and Soldiers' Deputies, usually called the Petrograd
Soviet. It was the soviet (workers' council) in Petrograd (Saint Petersburg),
Russia established in March 1917. A workers' soviet had been created
in Saint Petersburg (the name for Petrograd before the First World War had
begun) in 1905 (the St Petersburg Soviet). This was a group of workers and
soldiers who had formed in 1917. Soviets were rather like councils. Thus
the "Soviet socialist" concept existed at the time that the crossed S-letters
of the Soviet Swastika were used in Russia. The Swastika's two crossed S-letters
symbolized "Soviet Socialism." That concept eventually evolved into the Union
of Soviet Socialist Republics.
Eventually, Soviet
socialists switched from the swastika to the hammer
and sickle. The hammer and sickle resembles the earlier
Soviet swastika flipped horizontally. The USSR's hammer
and sickle might have been intended as a visual reminder
of the Russian version of its own earlier swastika.
The swastika
flag under German National Socialism was influenced
by the Soviet swastika and by the hammer and sickle of
Soviet socialism. The swastika of German socialists and
the hammer and sickle of Soviet socialists have visual
similarity. Each symbol resembles the other symbol pointing
in the opposite direction.
In the same way that the swastika
was two "S" letters crossed to represent socialists
joining together, the hammer and the sickle were crossed to
represent workers joining with peasants, or factory workers
joining with agricultural workers.
At that time, the swastika was also
a symbol of "superior society" or the "super society of
socialism" for the new "super socialist man" in the New World
Order (NWO). To learn more see George Bernard Shaw "Man and
Superman" (1903), read about his visit with Stalin (the socialist
tsar / czar) in the 1930s, and consider this quote from his letter
to Henry James of 17 January 1909: "I, as a Socialist, have had to
preach, as much as anyone, the enormous power of the environment.
We can change it; we must change it; there is absolutely no other sense
in life than the task of changing it. What is the use of writing plays,
what is the use of writing anything, if there is not a will which
finally moulds chaos itself into a race of gods." Having visited
the USSR in 1930s, Shaw became an ardent supporter of Stalin and Soviet
Socialism. After being duped by a carefully managed tour of the country,
Shaw declared all the stories of the socialist Wholecaust were slander.
In private, Stalin disparaged Shaw. Shaw was asked why he did not want
to stay permanently in the "earthly paradise" of the Soviet Super
Society.
The Soviet swastika
was unusual to most swastikas (but the same as the
German swastika) due to these features: it was 45 degrees
to the horizontal (in a diamond shape), it was pointed clockwise,
it was squared at its corners, and it was proportionally
the same as the swastika used later by German National Socialists.
Swastikas can point either way and are often flat on one side.
The Soviet swastika and the German swastika were the same swastika.
The swastika had been used by socialist groups in Germany before
1917, however the earlier use was never the same as the Soviet
swastika, and the symbol was almost always flat on one side and likely
to point in either direction. When German National Socialists
altered their swastika it occurred after the debut of the Soviet
swastika in 1917. The definitive version of the swastika under
German National Socialism (e.g. the version on the flag) was inspired
by the Soviet swastika.
The Soviet swastika's
unusual orientation emphasizes the appearance of
alphabetic "S" lettering.
Although the
swastika was an ancient symbol, the historian Dr.
Rex Curry (author of "Swastika Secrets") discovered
that it was also used sometimes by German National Socialists
to represent "S" letters for their "socialism." The
leader of German National Socialism rotated the symbol 45 degrees
and had newer uses oriented clockwise. He altered his own
signature to use the same symbolism, and similar alphabetic
symbolism still shows on Volkswagens. http://rexcurry.net/book1a1contents-swastika.html
The NSGWP's use
of the swastika as "S" letters in alphabetic symbolism
for "Socialism" was inspired by the Soviet swastika.
The USSR's swastika was seen as a union of "S" letters
for "Soviet Socialist" as in the "Union of Soviet Socialist
Republics" (In German: "Union der Sozialistischen Sowjetrepubliken").
After the swastika became the symbol of German National Socialists,
the symbol was altered to represent intertwined "S" letters
for "Sieg Socialism" (Socialist Victory) or "Socialist Solidarity"
or representing socialists from different groups joining together
under the NSGWP (especially after other groups were banned in another
example of German socialists copying Soviet socialists).
If the acronym
"USSR" used a swastika to replace the two "S" letters,
then it would illustrate the symbolism of the Soviet
swastika, similar to how it appeared in the center of paper
currency under Soviet socialism. In 1917, some Soviet
Socialists might have interpreted the symbol more generally
as "Soviet Socialists" or "Union of Soviets" or "Union of
Socialists" ("Sovetskikh Sotsialisticheskikh" or "Soyuz Sovetskikh"
or "Soyuz Sotsialisticheskikh" from "Soyuz Sovetskikh
Sotsialisticheskikh Respublik" or SSSR).
German National
Socialists and Soviet Socialists have a history of
aping each other. The flag color for German National
Socialists was influenced by Soviet Socialists.
One country
mimicked the other in the adoption of the salutes that
they imposed on their civilians, and both countries mimicked
the United States (the origin of their salutes). Dr. Rex
Curry showed that the USA's early Pledge of Allegiance (to
the flag) used an extended-arm salute and it was the origin
of the salute of the German National Socialists and Soviet
Socialists. Francis Bellamy created the pledge to the USA's
flag, and he was a self-proclaimed socialist in the nationalism
movement in the USA. The USA's original pledge began with a military
salute that then stretched out toward the flag. Dr. Curry showed
that, due to the way that both gestures were used sequentially
in the pledge, the military salute led to the salute adopted later
by German Socialists and Soviet Socialists. Their salutes are extended
military salutes via the USA's pledge. http://rexcurry.net/book1a1contents-pledge.html
Bellamy's original
pledge stated that the palm should be turned upward
with the arm gracefully curved upward. In actual practice
in the USA, the second part of the gesture was performed
with a straight arm and palm down by children who merely extended
the military salute while perfunctorily performing the forced
ritual chanting. That was the origin of the hard stylized salute
adopted later by German National Socialists.
The Soviet socialist
salute is arguably closer to Bellamy's first description
because the arm is maintained in a curved position
as if the American salute was started but not completed.
Soviet socialists then followed the American practice
of not turning the palm upward. http://rexcurry.net/ussr-cccp-sssr-young-pioneers-salute1.jpg
The National Socialist
German Workers’ Party began in 1920, gained electoral
breakthroughs in 1930, dictatorship in 1933, and in 1939
it joined as allies with the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics
to invade Poland in a Pact to divide up Europe, spreading WWII.
http://rexcurry.net/socialists.html
They USSR embraced the swastika symbol
even more then, and the hammer and sickle was displayed
proudly next to and in partnership with the socialist swastika.
The dogma of socialists
in the United States, Germany, Russia and elsewhere
led to the socialist Wholecaust (of which the Holocaust
was a part): ~60 million slaughtered under the Union
of Soviet Socialist Republics; ~50 million under the Peoples'
Republic of China; ~20 million under the National Socialist
German Workers' Party. http://rexcurry.net/socialists.jpg
In the book "The Americans: 1587-1914" by Joseph Chamberlain
Furnas (1969) page 726 it references Edward Bellamy with: "Gorky
classed Bellamy with Henry George and Jack London as American influences
important among Russian radicals."
***************
Alfred Rosenberg
was another notorious socialist who was active in
Russia (in 1917) and in Germany (in the National Socialist
German Workers' Party). The noted historian Dr. Rex Curry
has suggested that this may have been the inspiration behind
the adoption of the swastika as alphabetic symbolism for "socialism"
by the National Socialist German Workers' Party.
Rosenberg was
born to Baltic German parents in Reval (Tallinn) Estonia,
then part of the Russian Empire. He studied architecture
at the Riga Polyechnical Institute and engineering at Moscow
University, completing his Ph.D. studies in 1917.
After the Russian
Revolution of 1917, he emigrated to Germany (in 1918)
along with his friend Max Scheubner-Richter. Rosenberg
was one of the earliest (January 1919) members of the German
Workers Party and it became the National Socialist German
Workers Party and adopted the swastika as its symbol and
used the symbol to represent "S" letters for "socialist."
In 1921, Rosenberg became editor of the Völkischer Beobachter
("Folkish Observer"), the newspaper of the National Socialists.
Rosenberg also
became a member of the Thule Society, founded August
17, 1918. Rosenberg and Thule Society touted oddball
ideas about socialism, universal brotherhood, and the Aryan
race that were all borrowed from the notorious socialist
and occultist Madame Blavatsky and her Theosophical Society,
formed in New York in 1875. The Thule Society used a swastika
as its symbol, however the Thule swastika was not the same
swastika used by German National Socialists. The swastika
used by German National Socialists was the same swastika that
had been used for forty years by Madame Blavatsky as a symbol
for her utopian "socialist society." http://rexcurry.net/theosophy-madame-blavatsky-theosophical-society.html
Thule Society
members maintained close contacts with followers of
Theosophy and the followers of Helena Blavatsky. It is
also interesting to note that the names of both groups
had the same "TS" initials that the Theosophical Society
had used in its symbolism for decades.
************************
Vladimir Lenin
(the first leader of the Union of Soviet Socialist
Republics) was fluent in German, English, and other languages.
Many educated Russians were fluent in other languages.
Lenin is credited
with translating Karl Marx's Manifesto from German
into Russian. Marx was German.
The book "Lenin
- A New Biography," page 8. ISBN 0-02-933435-7 by
Dimitri Volkogonov states that Lenin's antecedents were Russian,
German, Swedish, and others.
Lenin had previously
lived in Munich, Germany and in Vienna, Austria
(Both cities were essentially the hometowns of the leader
of the National Socialist German Workers' Party).
Lenin's original
name was not "Lenin." He adopted the pseudonym "Lenin"
in Germany. His previous name was: Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov.
The name Lenin was acquired while he was staying near
Lehnin Abbey, in Brandenburg, Germany. It is fascinating
to note here another ominous parallel with the life of the
leader of German National Socialism who resided at Lambach Abbey
in Austria, and first saw the swastika symbol on the Abbey's
exterior decorations.
Lenin had been
in Germany shortly before returning to the USSR in
1917. He traveled throughout Germany and Europe meeting
other socialists and making plans. Lenin collaborated
with powerful socialist politicans in Germany, including Rosa
Luxemburg and Karl Liebknecht (They are sometimes referred
to as "The Three L's" for Lenin, Luxemburg and Liebknecht).
Another of the many socialist groups that existed in Germany
at that time was the German Workers' Party, in existance since
1902, and later to become the National Socialist German Workers'
Party (Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei
in 1919. The leader of the NSGWP had wanted to call the group the
"Social Revolutionary Party"). Some of the many socialist groups
were known as Freikorps and they already used the swastika symbol
in Germany (although at that time the symbol was always flat on
one side and likely to point in either direction). On November
9, 1918, Liebknecht declared the formation of a "Deutsche Freie
Sozialistische Republik" (German Free Socialist Republic). Some
Freikorps groups were used in aid of the new socialist provisional
government in Germany.
At the time of
the overthrow of Tsar Nicholas II (March 1917) at Petrograd
in the 1917 February Revolution, Vladimir Lenin was residing
in Switzerland (during WWI) but, with the aid of the
German government, he was able to return to Russia quickly. Fritz
Platten, a swiss citizen, made special arrangments with the
German government for Lenin and his company to travel through
Germany by train. Once past Germany, Lenin continued by ferry
to Sweden, and the rest of the trip through Scandinavia was arranged
by Otto Grimlund and Ture Nerman.
Back in his
own Fatherland, Lenin was accused of being a traitor
and an agent of Germany by Aleksander Kerensky and others.
The Soviet swastika might be more evidence that supports
that accusation.
After murdering
so many people, Lenin died (1924) of complications
years after a murder attempt (in 1918) by an assassin who
accused him of being a traitor. On August 30, 1918, Fanya
Kaplan shot Lenin three times and later explained that she
considered Lenin a traitor, and particularly so for Lenin's banning
of other socialist groups, including her group. She was a member
of the Socialist Revolutionary Party (It is interesting to note
that the leader of the NSGWP had originally wanted to call his party
the "Social Revolutionary Party"). An earlier (and possibly
unrelated) assassination attempt had occurred on January 14, 1918,
when gun shots had been fired at Lenin as he rode in a car with
Fritz Platten (the person who had arranged Germany's aid in returning
Lenin to Russia).
Lenin's dogma was the same dogma that led to
the socialist Wholecaust (of which the Holocaust
was a part): 65 million slaughtered under the Union
of Soviet Socialist Republics; 49 million under the Peoples'
Republic of China; 21 million under the National Socialist
German Workers' Party.
Assassination is always risky because the replacement
might turn out to be as bad or worse than the tyrant killed.
Lenin was replaced by Stalin, who shares with Lenin one of
the worst records for mass slaughter in the socialist Wholecaust.
A similar problem became evident after the National
Socialist German Workers' Party (and its leader) was obliterated
through the efforts of its earlier ally, the Union of Soviet
Socialist Repubics (and others). Soviet Socialists went on to kill
more than twice as many people as had been killed by German National
Socialists.
The USA had assisted Soviet Socialists in defeating
German Socialists, and then watched as Soviet Socialists set
new and more horrid records for genocide.
Mao was still alive after WWII, and he and his
fellow socialists went on to kill more than twice as many people
as had been killed by German National Socialists.
Perhaps a reason that assassination is rare is
because civilians fear that their death-deserving rulers will
be replaced by a twin or worse.
************************
Vladimir Lenin
returned to Russia through Germany in April 1917.
After his return, he and his supporters used the slogan
"All Power to the Soviets!" It referred to creating
totalitarian military socialism by transferring current
state power from the Provisional Socialist Government
to the workers' and soldiers' councils known as "Soviets."
The soldiers' councils sometimes behaved as independent socialist
militia groups similar to the German Freikorps.
Lenin adopted
military socialism and used the Military Revolutionary
Committee (and used soldiers' councils or "soviets")
to increase his power.
In September
1917, General Lavr Kornilov, the recently appointed
Commander-in-Chief of the Russian army, denounced Lenin
and his 'German spies,' and declared that they should be
hanged. He was dismissed from office by Alexander Kerensky.
Lenin blocked
the elected All Russian Constituent Assembly (Vserossiyskoye
Uchreditelnoye Sobranie) from where it convened at
Tauride Palace.
On 25 October
1917, Lenin's group initiated a military coup and
the overthrow (known as the October Revolution) of the
Provisional Government via the Petrograd Soviet and the Military
Revolutionary Committee. The overthrow coincided with the convocation
of the Second Congress of Workers' and Soldiers' Soviets.
On October 26,
Lenin closed any newspaper that criticized him (For
an account see Nikolai Sukhanov. The Russian Revolution,
1917, Oxford University Press, 1955, pp.649-650).
The Socialist
Revolutionary leadership increasingly viewed Lenin’s
government as a German proxy, and moreso after the signing
of the peace Treaty of Brest-Litovsk by Lenin’s government
on March 3, 1918.
Lenin supported
imperialism. In the late 18th century, the newly independent
Second Polish Republic began securing its eastern territories
annexed by Russia in the partitions of Poland. That was
part of the Soviet socialist excuse for the Polish-Soviet
War in 1919. With the socialist revolution in Germany, Lenin
viewed that as the perfect time and place to "probe Europe with
the bayonets" of the Soviet socialist army. Lenin saw Poland as
the bridge that Soviet Socialists would have to cross in order
to link up with supporters in Germany's socialist revolution, and
to abet other socialist movements in Western Europe. However the
Polish-Soviet War did not go as desired by Lenin and it delayed
his plans. Lenin's imperialistic plans were revived by his cohort
and successor Stalin in cooperation with the leader of the National
Socialist German Workers Party. In 1939, they joined as allies
to invade Poland in a pact to divide up Europe. WWII spread. It led
to the socialist Wholecaust.
Wikipedia is announcing more discoveries by the historian
Dr. Rex Curry about the Soviet socialist state's swastika. Although
it was an ancient symbol, it was used by socialists in modern times
as S-symbolism for "socialism." Dr. Curry's work is probably
the most referenced historical research on Wikipedia. http://rexcurry.net/ussr-socialist-swastika-cccp-sssr.html
The designer of that banknote was an ethnic
Latvian Rihards Zariņš (he spelled his name: Zarriņš or Richarda
Zarrina; June 27, 1869 – April 21, 1939). He studied at the
School of Kurzeme Knighthood in Griva and elsewhere in Latvia, St.
Petersburg, and then in western Europe in Berlin, Munich, and Vienna.
he became employed by the Russian Imperial Printing Office in St.
Petersburg, where he worked from 1899 to 1919, acting from 1905 on
as technical director of the Soviet Socialist State printing
house, where the banknotes were printed. Later he designed
the first postage stamps of the Soviet Socialist State.
In 1919 he returned to Latvia and directed
the Government Printing House (1919-1933) and became a Professor
serving as head of the graphic arts workshop at the Latvian Academy
of Arts (1921-1938). He created designs of paper money, postage stamps,
certificates and more. He enjoyed the socialist symbolism of
the swastika and he used it frequently, as in the banknote mentioned.
Latvia also used swastikas on their war planes and the swastika
evolved to resemble the same swastika style of Soviet Socialist and
German Socialism (under the National Socialist German Workers' Party).
It is not clear if there was a relationship to Zarins' work. However,
the earlier swastikas on Latvian planes used the Z-direction swastika,
consistent with Zarins' signature on his art, and the later Lativan planes
used the the S-direction swastika, consistent with Zarin's work under Soviet
Socialism. http://rexcurry.net/fotw-flags-of-the-world-vexillology.html
Among Zarins' works of applied art are the design of the
Latvian coat of arms, as well as several designs for bank notes issued
by the Printing Office, and several coins of the Latvian lats.
It is sad to note that Zarins died in 1939, the same
year that the National Socialist German Workers' Party joined with
the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics as allies in a pact to divide
up Europe, spreading World War II, and the socialist Wholecaust (of
which the Holocaust was a part): 62 million slaughtered under the
Union of Soviet Socialist Republics; 49 million under the Peoples'
Republic of China; 21 million under the National Socialist German Workers'
Party.
In 1940, Latvia was incorporated into the USSR and
Zarins' lats were replaced by the Soviet ruble.
The Soviet socialist state during the time of its
swastika was known as the "PCOCP" which, with slight alteration,
became simply "CCCP" (USSR or Union of Soviet Socialist Republics).
Transliterated it is known also as the R.S.F.S.R., the Russian
Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (aka Russian Soviet Federated
Socialist Republic) (Росси́йская Сове́тская Федерати́вная Социалисти́ческая
Респу́блика, РСФСР).
It is relevant to note that the Soviet socialist
state's abbreviations have the pattern of double letters in
PP, CC and SS. Hence, the double S letters of the Soviet socialist
state's swastika stand for "Soviet Socialist" (the corresponding
letters in RSFSR).
The RSFSR began in 1917 and
was the largest and most populous of the fifteen former
republics of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, which
became known as the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics in December
1922. The Russian SFSR became the modern day Russia after
the collapse of the USSR, officially dissolved on December 31,
1991.
After the proclamation of the Republic of Latvia in
1918, a large variety of different currencies were in circulation
including ostrubles and ostmarks (east rubles, east marks), German
reichsmarks, the so-called Tsar rubles and kopecks, and the so-called
Money of Duma.
On December 11, 1918, the Minister of Finance set official
exchange rates for the currencies in circulation, thus recognizing
three foreign currencies as legal tender including Germany and the
Union of Soviet Socialist Republics.
On March 22, 1919, the Provisional Government of Latvia
authorized the Minister of Finance to issue the first money notes
of the Republic of Latvia - Treasury notes; they were named Latvian
rubles and Latvian kopecks, named after the money in circulation
under Soviet Socialism. Five Latvian artists designed the money, including
Rihards Zarins, who had designed the soviet socialist swastika rubles
under the Soviet Socialism (the Russian Soviet Federated Socialist
Republic). Issues of Treasury notes marked the beginnings of an independent
Latvian monetary system although Russian and German currencies continued
as legal tender in Latvia.
In order to impose socialism, control the economy,
and inflate (counterfeit) money, the Constitutional Assembly adopted
the law to socialize money (as well as other things) and imposed
the Bank of Latvia on September 7, 1922. The power to issue currency
was seized and turned into a socialist monopoly (along with many
other things) and vested with the Bank of Latvia. On November 2, 1922,
the Bank of Latvia issued the first provisional banknotes - 500-ruble
notes with an overprint.
In 1923, 100-lats banknotes were issued. The graphical
design of the note was worked out by artists Rihards Zarins and
Karlis Krauze.
The Ministry of Finance issued State Treasury notes
in denominations of 5, 10 and 20 lats. These notes were printed at
the State Securities Printing House. The authors of the graphical
designs of these notes were Rihards Zarins, Karlis Krauze and Harijs
Gricevics.
Coins were issued in denominations of 1, 2 5, 10, 20
and 50 santims, and 1, 2 and 5 lats. The designs of the coins were
created by three artists: Rihards Zarins (santims coins of the 1923
issue and 5-lats coins), Janis Roberts Tilbergs (1- and 2-lats coins)
and Ludolfs Liberts (santims coins, the 1937 issue).
It is sad to note that Zarins died in 1939, the same
year that the National Socialist German Workers' Party joined with
the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics as allies in a pact to divide
up Europe, spreading World War II, and the socialist Wholecaust (of
which the Holocaust was a part): 62 million slaughtered under the Union
of Soviet Socialist Republics; 49 million under the Peoples' Republic
of China; 21 million under the National Socialist German Workers' Party.
In 1940, Latvia was incorporated into the USSR (Zarins'
previous employer) and Zarins' lats were replaced by the Soviet
ruble. Latvia was occupied by the Soviet Socialist Army on June 17,
1940, and on August 5 Latvia was incorporated into the Union of Soviet
Socialist Republics. Beginning with October 10, 1940, the Latvia Republican
Office of the State Bank of the USSR, which was a constituent part in
the centralized Soviet socialist banking system, took over the the Bank
of Latvia. The USSR's monetary system was gradually re-introduced in Latvia.
With the resolution of the Popular Council of Commissars of the Latvian
SSR (Soviet Socialist Republic) passed on November 25, 1940, the exchange
rate of the lats against the USSR ruble was determined (1 lats = 1 ruble).
That marked the beginning of a simultaneous circulation of two currencies
in Latvia, which lasted for four months. Without prior notice, the lats
was withdrawn from circulation on March 25, 1941. The USSR ruble became
the socialist monopoly legal tender in Latvia.
Latvians also refer to the symbols as Pērkonkrusts (Thunder cross).
The sign's name tells that it was associated with the most powerful Latvian
god Pērkons (Thunder). Another name for it is Ugunskrusts (Fire cross).
In June 1941, German troops under the National Socialist
German Workers' Party advanced into Latvia. Right after the entrance
of the German socialist army, the Bank of Latvia resumed its activity;
however, the Bank did not regain its right to issue currency. The
occupation power implemented a policy that was tailored specially for
occupied countries, its aim being the suppression and robbing of these
countries, in keeping with the socialist dogma as previously imposed
under Soviet Socialism. The instrument to achieve this was the introduction
of a special currency - reichsmarks. German socialist Reichsmarks circulated
alongside Soviet Socialist rubles, the exchange rate being 10 rubles
= 1 reichsmark.
After the Second World War, Latvia was again incorporated
into the Soviet financial system. The State Bank of the USSR (Gosbank)
both issued money and functioned as the State Treasury. The monetary
system of the Latvian Soviet Socialist Republic was entirely controlled
by the Gosbank.
In 1987, the Latvia Republican Office of the State
Bank of the USSR was renamed the Latvia Republican Bank of the State
Bank of the USSR; however, it did not become a central bank with the
right to issue the national currency.
On March 2, 1990, the Supreme Council of the Latvian
SSR passed the Resolution "On the Bank of Latvia". It stipulated
that the Bank of Latvia, a local central bank, was established (actually
restored) in the Latvian SSR. This was a central bank - an independent
state bank, which had the exclusive right to issue the national currency.
However, it was only after the declaration of independence
of the Republic of Latvia on May 4, 1990 and the collapse of Soviet
Socialism that in accordance with the Resolution of the Supreme
Council of the Republic of Latvia "On Reorganization of Banks in the
Territory of the Republic of Latvia" passed on September 3, 1991 the
Bank of Latvia was re-established as the socialist monopoly bank of
Lavia with its own socialist monopoly money.
The amazing discoveries in Dr. Curry's work have been
discussed by members of the group Flags Of The World, a well-known
group in the field of vexillology (the study of flags). Dr. Rex
Curry's historical discoveries have been recognized by members of
Flags Of The World Group (FOTW) and members of other vexillological
groups. The acknowledgment occurred when the president of the group conceded
defeat in a scholarly debate challenge about Dr. Curry's news-making
work. http://rexcurry.net/fotw-flags-of-the-world-vexillology.html
The Flags of the World web site contained an error.
A fan of RexCurry.net wrote in to point out an error on the
Flags of the World web site that has caused confusion among members
of the North American Vexillological Association. The error is
at http://www.crwflags.com/fotw/flags/lv%5Eair.html
That web page attempts to provide information
about Latvia's Airforce Flag and Aircraft Marking and shows
a swastika symbol (45 degrees to the horizontal and pointed clockwise)
with the headline "1918-1940." That seeming error caused some
members of the North American Vexillological Association to incorrectly
believe that the symbol was always 45 degrees to the horizontal
(as if in a diamond orientation). One NAVA member said "I checked
Latvia's Air Force markings 1918-1940 and found a red swastika on
its point (as in the National Socialist German Workers' Party) on white."
A more searching review of the links on that FOTW page shows that
the swastika symbol on Latvian planes originally was on its side (with
horizontal orientation) and not 45 degrees to the horizontal. It is
unclear from FOTW, and the links, when and why the change occurred in
Latvia from 1918-1940.
A fan writes, "It is interesting to note that a
lot of the pictures available through the FOTW reference are
only illustrations and not photographs. One illustration did note
the change in the markings. Also interesting to note that the planes
seem to be German, mostly or exclusively? And that in 1920 they were
being used against the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. There
was also a response about Finland's use of the swastika. Can anyone
provide more information about when Finland first used the symbol on
its planes, why, and where the plane(s) came from? Was it a German source
also?"
It is additional proof of Dr. Curry's work showing
the use of the swastika as S-shapes for "socialism" under Soviet
Socialists, German Socialists, and in Latvia and Finland, Great
Britain, and that they all followed after the United States of America.
http://rexcurry.net/45th-infantry-division-swastika-sooner-soldiers.html
In Finland the swastika was used as the official
national marking of the Army between 1918 and 1944, and also
of the Finnish Air Force at that time. The swastika was also used
by the Lotta Svärd organisation. The blue swastika was the
symbol used by the family of Swedish Count Eric von Rosen, who donated
the first plane to the Finnish White Army during the Finnish Civil
War. At that time, Rosen was socialist in his philosophy and socialism
was growing like a cancer worldwide. Rosen's socialism grew too and,
after the National Socialist German Workers' Party was formed, Rosen
altered his use of the symbol to be the same as that of the National
Socialist German Workers' Party when Rosen became one of the founding
members of Nationalsocialistiska Blocket, a Swedish Socialist political
party, that took advantage of the overlapping S-shapes of the swastika.
Rosen also gained a closer connection to Germany when Hermann Göring
married Carin von Kantzow, whose sister was married to Rosen.
The National Socialist Bloc was formed in
the end of 1933. It was formed by the merger of Nationalsocialistiska
Samlingspartiet, Nationalsocialistiska Förbundet and
local national socialist units connected to the advocate Sven
Hallström in Umeå. Later Svensk Nationalsocialistisk Samling
merged into NSB. The leader of the party was the colonel Martin
Ekström. The party maintained several publications, Landet
Fritt (Göteborg), Vår Kamp (Göteborg), Vår
Front (Umeå), Nasisten (Malmö) and Riksposten. NSB differentiated
itself from other Swedish national socialist groups due to its liaisons
with the Swedish upper class.
It is interesting to note that Finland had the choice to
discontinue the use of a swastika as a prominent national symbol
at any point after 1933. It did not do so until forced to do so by
the Allies after the defeat of Germany. The fact that the Finnish swastika
was slightly visually different to the German swastika seems like a
minor possible excuse. The Finnish symbol was sufficiently similar to
the German swastika to share the same visual identity and thus association
- in trademark terms it was still 'passing itself off' as the German National
Socialist symbol and was still associated with socialism in Finland. The
Finns made no attempt to make it more different.
Was anyone who wanted to use the swastika as a prominent
national symbol after that time "choosing" to associate their nation
with German socialism, just as the adoption of the red star and hammer
& sickle by governments and militia post-war were choosing to
associate themselves with Soviet socialism and its atrocities?
The swastika in Finnish is "Hakaristi," which in a more
literal or phonetic translation is "hooked cross," similar to the
German word "Hakenkreuz." It was a type of cross. It became known
as the "Von Rosen Cross" and that term is still used sometimes today
in Finland.
There was German involvement in the Finnish Civil War
(January-May 1918). The Hakaristi was used by the German-allied Whites
during that Civil War.
The swastika also appeared in many Finnish
medals and decorations. In wartime medals of honor it was a visible
element, first drafted by Akseli Gallen-Kallela 1918–19. In
Germany and Austria at the same time period, the swastika was also
being used by socialist groups.
The hakaristi (Finnish) was seen often on aircraft and
armour, including Brewster Buffaloes, StuGs.
The hakenkreuz (German) decorated the planes of Herman
Kunz (plane: Albatross Jasta 7) and Paul Billik (Albatross Jasta 12)
and Werner Voss (Albatross). All three aircraft were roughly contemporaneous
- Spring, 1917. Raoul Lufberry of the Layfayette Escadrille Americaine
flew a swastika-marked SPAD VII in roughly the same time period as
well.
The Brewster Buffalo, or Brewster F2A, was an American
fighter plane that saw extensive service with both Allied and Axis
air forces during World War II. They were successful in combat, especially
in Finland where Brewster F2A fighters saw their longest and most intensive
service with the Ilmavoimat (Finnish Air Force), during 1940-48.
American soldiers used the swastika as their symbol
early in World War I, and up to 1941, against Germany. The symbol
was used by Americans in the French Escadrille Lafayette, by the
45th Infantry Divison, on Boeing P-12 planes. http://rexcurry.net/45th-infantry-division-swastika-sooner-soldiers.html
Up to June 1941, the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics
was as closely allied to the National Socialist German Workers Party
as the Finns were in 1939-40. After Barbarossa, the Soviet Socialist
leader (Stalin) judged it much better to maintain his agreement with
Finland: there was no advantage to Soviet Socialists acquiring
another active enemy north of Leningrad.
German Socialists received oil and food from Soviet Socialists.
The National Socialist German Worker' Party and the Union of Soviet
Socialist Republics were allies in 1939 when they jointly attacked
Poland as part of a larger pact (Molotov-Ribbentrop) to divide up Europe.
The Soviet Socialist Navy escorted a German raiding ship to the Pacific
via Siberia and the Bering Strait. Soviet Socialists opposed Lend-Lease
in the U.S. and preached collaboration in Nazi-Sozi occupied Europe.
In Barbarossa, Finland allowed tens of thousands of German
troops to deploy secretly in Finland, and that gave the USSR a casus
belli. Before Barbarossa, Finland had already agreed to join the
German Socialist attack. German troops were deploying in Finland.
Soviet Socialists pre-emptively attacked before any attack
was made from Finnish territory, but the Axis/Finnish attack was coming
regardless. Stalin had no choice about acquiring another active enemy
north of Leningrad.
By 1944, the 1940 settlement was a dead letter. It no
longer influenced either country as such; that is, the Finns and Soviets
both agreed to the settlement of 1944 on the basis of the facts
of battle at the time, not whether the new settlement matched the 1940
settlement.
In conclusion, it is interesting to note that Finland
used the hakaristi as a symbol when Germany was allied with a country
attacking Finland, and blocked aid to Finland. Finland continued
to use the symbol when Finland was a co-belligerant with Germany
against the same country. Finland continued to use the symbol when
it was actively at war with Germany
The switch from the hakaristi to the white/blue/white
roundel was officially dated to April 1, 1945 - slightly before the
end of the war but effectively post-war so far as the Finns were concerned
(though the official peace treaty didn't follow until February, 1947).
The change was at the insistance of the the Allied Control Commission
(it was not happy with the Finnish hakaristi symbol).
The NAVA members who referenced the FOTW web page provided
more support for Dr. Curry's work showing that the swastika was
used to represent overlapping "S" letters for "socialism" under
the National Socialist German Workers' Party and in the Soviet Socialist
State. http://rexcurry.net/book1a1contents-swastika.html
Notice how the Socialist
Repubics utilized various languages (including German
at the top) in an effort to spread sickly socialism worldwide,
and consistent with its use of alphabetic "S" symbolism in
its swastika symbol.
More evidence proves the work
of the historian Dr. Rex Curry in showing that the
swastika was used as alphabetic symbolism for "socialism"
by both the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics and by the National
Socialist German Workers' Party, as shown in the images above
and below and at http://rexcurry.net/ussr-socialist-swastika-cccp-sssr.html
In 1917, socialism was imposed
in Russia when the former Union of Soviet Socialist
Republics (USSR) was formed after the Russian Revolution
of 1917, and the Russian Civil War of 1918-1920. The
propaganda machinary introduced a new symbol for the new
government: the swastika.
The Soviet Socialist Swastika
shows lettering around the swastika symbol and also
shows the swastika as two separate arms pointing clockwise,
representing separate "S" letters overlapping http://rexcurry.net/ussr-socialist-swastika1919-1920cav.jpg
Soviet socialist money openly
used English, German and other languages in an effort
to spread sickly socialism worldwide, consistent with its
use of alphabetic "S" symbolism in its swastika symbol. http://rexcurry.net/ussr-socialist-swastika1919-1920rubles250.jpg
On official badges, the
Soviet Swastika was yellow on a red background, mimicking
the other socialist symbol, the hammer and sickle (Russian:
серп и молот, "serp i molot" (serpent & mallet?)), a symbol
that also developed in the Russian Soviet Federated Socialist
Republic (RSFSR). Eventually, the national flag mimicked the same
color schemes and symbols. The swastika was even displayed with the
hammer and sickle http://rexcurry.net/swastika4.gif
as shown here http://rexcurry.net/ussr-socialist-swastika-may-day.jpg
Germany's socialist swastika had the same meaning
as the earlier Soviet Swastika and the Hammer and Sickle: The
German and Soviet swastikas were two "S" letters that represented
socialists joining together; the hammer and sickle represented
socialists joining together, particularly workers joining
with peasants, or factory workers joining with agricultural workers.
The German term for "swastika" is "Hakenkreuz"
("hooked cross") because the symbol represented two separate
pieces crossed (two "S" shaped pieces).
In Mein Kampf, the German socialist leader
referred to the socialist swastika and the flag: "In red we
see the social idea of the movement, in white the nationalistic
idea, in the swastika the mission of the struggle for the victory
of the Aryan man, and, by the same token, the victory of the idea
of creative work..." (pg. 496-497). In German the swastika reference
was: "im Hakenkreuz die Mission des Kampfes für den Sieg des
arischen Menschen und zugleich mit ihm auch den Sieg des Gedankens
der schaffenden Arbeit,"
In his own words, Hitler stated that the
swastika referred to work (labor) and mimicked the Soviet's
"new" swastika replacement, the Hammer and Sickle (two tools
of workers). Hitler states that the Hakenkreuz (hooked cross)
represents two crossed "S" shapes known as "sieg" symbols. Those "S"
letters were used for "S" in other German socialist symbolism. He
made overlapping use of the word "victory" or "sieg" in German. The
red color and the "social idea of the movement" ties into socialism
for which Hitler claimed the National Socialist German Workers' Party
was struggling for victory. The so-called "swastika" represented two
"S" letters for "socialism" and is related to "Sieg Heil!" in the sense
of the NSGWP's cry of "Hail to the Victory of Socialism!"
His use of the term "arischen" mimicks the Soviet swastika and
the Soviet hammer and sickle in the effort to glorify workers (represented
by their tools in the hammer and sickle) as the new super soviet socialist
men. http://rexcurry.net/george-bernard-shaw-superman-socialist-swastika-socialism.html
German socialists were heavily influenced by
earlier Soviet socialists, even in regard to concentration
camps, purges, and genocide.
In 1939, the Union of Soviet Socialist
Republics and the National Socialist German Workers’
Party joined as allies to invade Poland in a Pact to divide
up Europe, spreading WWII. http://rexcurry.net/socialists.html
They USSR embraced the swastika symbol
even more then, and the hammer and sickle was displayed proudly
next to and in partnership with the socialist swastika.
The lettering around the socialist
swastika badge resembles "PCOCP" which, with slight
alteration, became simply "CCCP" (USSR). The lettering
and the swastika symbol refer to the R.S.F.S.R., the Russian
Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (aka Russian Soviet Federated
Socialist Republic) (Росси́йская Сове́тская Федерати́вная Социалисти́ческая
Респу́блика, РСФСР). The socialist swastika badge
uses the pattern of double letters in PP, CC and SS. Hence, the
double S letters of the soviet socialist swastika stand for
"Soviet Socialist" (the corresponding letters in RSFSR).
The RSFSR began in 1917 and
was the largest and most populous of the fifteen former
republics of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, which
became the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics in December 1922.
The Russian SFSR became the modern day Russia after the collapse
of the USSR, officially dissolved on December 31, 1991.
The USSR followed the lead of
the USA in beginning with a "federation" name and then
changing to a "Union" (a word that can be translated also as "United")
and even echoing the "U.S." initials. The USSR was influenced
by the socialist trend in the USA and by its internationally famous
socialists, including Edward Bellamy.
Through the work of socialists
in the USA, the USSR, and Germany respectively,
the swastika became a global symbol of socialism.
In 1939, the Union of Soviet
Socialist Republics joined as allies with the National
Socialist German Workers’ Party to invade Poland in a Pact to
divide up Europe, spreading WWII. It occurred under the notorious
Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact, which the Socialist Republics
never renounced. Seven million died in Poland. As a result
of the War, Finland had its Karelian Peninsula torn away by
the Socialist Republics and 10 countries Latvia, Lithuania, Estonia,
Poland, Czechoslovakia, East Germany, Romania, Bulgaria, Hungary
and Yugoslavia suffered under the Socialist Republics for half
a century. http://rexcurry.net/socialists.html
Three common abbreviations (USSR,
SSSR, CCCP) refer to a self-described socialist entity
that used the word "socialist" in its name, as did the
NSDAP (National Socialist German Workers' Party) which used
the double "S" letters of the Hakenkreuz - swastika.
Russian socialists used symbolism and the word "socialist" in
their group's name, before the German socialists and it served
as an example. http://rexcurry.net/bookchapter4a1c.html
CCCP led to the derisive joke
that it signified the "coalition of collectivist crusaders
for the proletariat." It also inspired the old
gag of someone asking which "C" stood for "Communist."
Of course, the abbreviation did not refer to communism,
it referred to socialism, as did the abbreviation and symbol
for the National Socialist German Workers' Party. http://rexcurry.net/bookpic-socialism-cccp-ussr.gif
Translated:
RSFSR was: Russian Soviet
Federated Socialist Republic
USSR was: Union of Soviet Socialist
Republics
Transliterated:
РСФСР was: Rossi?yskaya Sovetskikh
Federati?vnaya (or Soyuz) Sotsialisticheskikh Respublika
(RSFSR).
CCCP was: Soyuz Sovetskikh
Sotsialisticheskikh Respublik (SSSR).
CCCP is actually cyrillic.
In Latin letters it would be SSSR: Soyuz Sovetskikh
Sotsialisticheskikh Respublik (Soviet United/Federated Socialistic
Republic). Untransliterated it was CCCP, and transliterated
it was SSSR.
In Russian:
РСФСР was Росси́йская Сове́тская
Федерати́вная Социалисти́ческая Респу́блика.
CCCP was Сою́з
Сове́тских Социалисти́ческих Респу́блик.
Another explanation:
РСФСР was Росси́йская
Сове́тская Федерати́вная Социалисти́ческая
Респу́блика.
Soviet
Socialist
Republic / Republics
CCCP was Сою́з Сове́тских
Социалисти́ческих Респу́блик.
Translation of the left side:
ORDER
to troops of South-Eastern front
# 213
City of Saratov
<date> November 1919
A shoulder patch is approved for Kalmyk
units, according to the attached drawing and description.
The right to wear this patch is given to
officers and Red Army privates of existing Kalmyk units, as well as
the ones being raised, according to order of the Revolutionary Military
Council of the Republic, this year, # 11<6>.
(There follow the signatures of the front commander, the Member
of the Revolutionary Military Council (the commissar) and chief of staff.
The right side gives a description and picture.
Dimitri Volkogonov "Lenin - A New Biography", page 8. ISBN 0-02-933435-7
"Lenin's antecedents were Russian, Kalmyk,
Jewish, German and Swedish, and possibly others".
Свастика в Красной армии
Кавалерия, Юго-Восточного фронт
1919-20 г.г.:
Swastika in the Red Army
Cavalry South-Eastern Front 1919-20
g.g.:
"according to the communication
V.O. Of daynesa, in the central Public Archive of the
Soviet Army is an application to the order to the forces of
southeastern Front № 213 in 1918, where is described new emblem
for the personnel: "the rhomb of yshchkhyy of centimeters from
the red cloth. In the upper angle pentagonal star, in the center
- venok, in middle of which "LYUNGTN" with the inscription "R.S.F.S.R.".
Stellar diameter 15 mm, Viennese 6 cm, size OF "LYUNGTN" - 27 mm, letters
- 6 mm. sign for the command and administrative personnel are embroidered
by gold and silver, also, for the Red Army men stereotyped. Star,
"LYUNGTN" and tape Viennese are embroidered by gold (for the Red
Army men by yellow paint), venok itself and inscription - by silver
(for the Red Army men - by white paint)." [The mysterious
abbreviation OF "LYUNGTN" designated the here being untwisted swastika.
Novel Of bagdasarov "The swastika: the sacred symbol." (it
sent Aleksandr)]
"По сообщению
В.О. Дайнеса, в Центральном государственном архиве Советской
Армии имеется приложение к приказу войскам Юго-Восточного
фронта № 213 за 1918 г., где описана новая эмблема для личного
состава: "Ромб 15х11 сантиметров из красного сукна. В верхнем
углу пятиконечная звезда, в центре - венок, в середине которого
"ЛЮНГТН" с надписью "Р.С.Ф.С.Р.". Диаметр звезды 15 мм, венка
6 см, размер "ЛЮНГТН" - 27 мм, букв - 6 мм. Знак для командного
и административного состава вышит золотом и серебром и для красноармейцев
трафаретный. Звезда, "ЛЮНГТН" и лента венка вышиты золотом (для
красноармейцев жёлтой краской), самый венок и надпись - серебром
(для красноармейцев - белой краской)." [Загадочной
аббревиатурой "ЛЮНГТН" обозначена здесь раскручивающаяся свастика.
Роман Багдасаров
"Свастика: священный символ."
(прислал Александр)]
1918 - 1919, when Vasiliy Ivanovich
Shorin (Colonel, punished in the 30's) commanded the Red
Army at the southeastern Front
1918 - 1919 годах, когда Красной
Армией на Юго-восточном фронте командовал Василий Иванович
Шорин (полковник, репрессированный в 30-е годы)
Swastika in the army OF USA
45-4 infantry division:
The soldiers of 45-1 infantry division
OF THE USA bore on the left sleeve the symbol of yellow
on the red rhomb:
On official badges, the
Soviet Swastika was yellow on a red background, mimicking
the other socialist symbol, the hammer and sickle (Russian:
серп и молот, "serp i molot" (serpent & mallet?)), a symbol
that also developed in the Russian Soviet Federated Socialist
Republic (RSFSR). Eventually, the national flag mimicked the same
color schemes and symbols. The swastika was even displayed with the
hammer and sickle http://rexcurry.net/swastika4.gif
as shown here http://rexcurry.net/ussr-socialist-swastika-may-day.jpg
edward bellamy 
francis bellamy 
rex curry 
libertarian 
pledge of allegiance 
swastika