The USA's early Pledge of Allegiance (to the
flag) was the origin of the salute of the monstrous National Socialist
German Workers' Party (Nazis), as shown by the historian Dr. Rex Curry. http://rexcurry.net/pledge-lawyer.html The early Pledge (written in 1892) used a straight-arm
salute and it was later copied by others. http://rexcurry.net/pledgesalute.html
Building from the USA's pledge of allegiance, the raised-arm salute was used
in fictional Roman scenes in these films: the American "Ben-Hur" (1907),
the Italian "Nerone" (1908), "Spartaco" (1914), and "Cabiria" (1914). Those
scenes helped lead to the "Roman salute" myth. The Roman myth is still repeated
in modern efforts to cover-up Dr. Curry's discoveries about the Pledge's
poisonous pedigree.
The self-styled Italian "Consul" Gabriele D 'Annunzio had worked with Giovanni Pastrone
in his colossal epic Cabiria (1914). In imitation
of such films, D'Annunzio borrowed
the salute as a propaganda tool for his political ambitions upon his occupation
of Fiume in 1919. Annoyed that Italy had lost the town of Fiume, D´Annunzio´s
troops occupied the town and he ruled it for eighteen months until 1920.
He declared war against Italy but was finally forced to retreat.
Benito Mussolini worked with D'Annunzio and was much influenced by him. Mussolini
was aware of D'Annunzio's Charter of Carnaro for his Regency of Carnaro in
the city of Fiume. Mussolini was familiar with films and with D'Annunzio's work in the film
Cabiria. From 1914 to 1919 (and before), and during the time that Mussolini
found and acquired the socialist salute, Mussolini (1883-1945) was a self-described
socialist, a well-known socialist leader who was respected among socialists
at that time (that time when he found his socialist salute). Between 1912
and 1914, Mussolini was the editor of the Socialist Party newspaper, "L'Avanti."
In 1914 he started his own socialist newspaper "Il Popolo d'Italia" ("The
people of Italy"). He was a staunch proponent of revolutionary rather than
reformist socialism, and actually received Lenin's endorsement and support
for expelling reformists from the Socialist Party. He was in fact first
dubbed "Il Duce" (the Leader) when he was a member of Italy's (Marxist) Socialist
Party.
Eventually, Mussolini used a supplemental term for his tired old socialist
dogma. When Mussolini began to use forms of the term "fascis" in his politics,
the idea of "Roman" propaganda was far from his mind. The term "fascio" was
used with the meaning of “union” or "league" as his political movement was
meant to be a "union" of political leaders joining together for political
goals. It is similar to the word "fasten" in meaning binding or joining together.
By coincidence it paralleled Hitler's supplementation of the "German Workers'
Party" with the words "National" and "Socialist" for the National Socialist
German Workers' Party, and Hitler's alteration of the swastika/hakenkreuz
to symbolized joined "S" letters for "socialists" joining together in the
new party. The new label for the old dogma worked and from 1922 to 1945 (23
years) Mussolini ruled Italy. The earliest listing under "Fascism" in the
Oxford English Dictionary is a 1921 reference to the publication 19th Cent. (July 148): The Fascismo was born in the provinces, where the extremistic menace was stronger.
In late 1937, Mussolini visited Germany and pledged himself to support the
National Socialist German Workers’ Party. In 1938, he introduced his ‘reform
of customs.’ Hand-shaking was suddenly banned as unhygienic: a salute was
to be used instead - the right forearm raised vertically. He imposed a new
march on the Italian Army which was simply the goose-step of the National
Socialist German Workers’ Party. According to the book "A Concise History
of Italy" by Christopher Duggan, these reforms were introduced mainly to
underline ideological kinship with the National Socialist German Workers’
Party and to impress it’s leader. The so-called "Roman salute" (saluto romano)
is as much of a fiction as is the so-called "Roman step" (passo romano) as
is the idea that the National Socialist German Workers’ Party emulated Mussolini
and not vice versa.
1. Dr. Rex Curry showed that the USA's early Pledge of Allegiance (to the
flag) used a straight-arm
salute and it was the origin of the salute of the monstrous National Socialist
German Workers' Party (Nazis). Dr. Curry helped to establish that it was not an ancient Roman salute,
and that the "ancient Roman salute" is a myth. http://rexcurry.net/pledgesalute.html The myth is still repeated in modern
efforts to cover-up Dr. Curry's discoveries about the Pledge's poisonous
pedigree.
2. The original Pledge began with a military salute that then stretched out toward
the flag. Historic photographs are at http://rexcurry.net/pledge2.html and at http://rexcurry.net/pledge_military.html In actual use, the second part of the gesture was performed with a straight arm and
palm down by children extending the military salute while perfunctorily performing the forced ritual chanting. Professor
Curry showed that, due to the way that both gestures were used sequentially
in the pledge, the military salute led to the Nazi salute. The Nazi salute
is an extended military salute via the pledge. http://rexcurry.net/book1a1contents-pledge.html
3. Francis Bellamy (author of the "Pledge of Allegiance") and Edward Bellamy
(author of the novel "Looking Backward") and Charles Bellamy (author of "A
Moment of Madness") and Frederick Bellamy (who introduced Edward to socialistic
"Fourierism") were socialists. Edward, Charles and Frederick were brothers,
and Francis was their cousin. Francis and Edward were both self-proclaimed
National Socialists and they supported the "Nationalism" movement in the
USA, the "Nationalist" magazine, and the "Nationalist Educational Association."
They wanted all of society to ape the military and they touted "military
socialism" and the "industrial army." Edward’s book was an international
bestseller, translated into every major language (including German) and he
inspired the "Nationalist Party" (in the USA) and their dogma influenced
socialists worldwide (including Germany) via “Nationalist Clubs.” http://rexcurry.net/bellamy-edward-german-connections.html The Pledge was the origin of the Nazi salute. "Nazi" means "National Socialist
German Workers' Party." A mnemonic device is the swastika. Although the
swastika was an ancient symbol, Professor Curry discovered that it was also
used sometimes by German National Socialists to represent "S" letters for
their "socialism." Curry changed the way that people view the symbol
of the horrid National Socialist German Workers' Party. Hitler altered his
own signature to use the same stylized "S" letter for "socialist" and similar
alphabetic symbolism still shows on Volkswagens. http://rexcurry.net/book1a1contents-swastika.html
Many Bellamy policies were followed in the USA and still are followed in
the USA and they helped to cause the USA’s big, expensive and oppressive government.
The government in the USA and the government schools hide those facts from
people in the USA and from people in other countries.
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Although Mussolini was much influenced by D'Annunzio,
the D'Annunzio never held an important post in Mussolini's government.
D'Annunzio died of a
stroke at his desk on March 1, 1938. He was given a state funeral by
Mussolini. D´Annunzio´s collected works were published in the 1950s.
His correspondence with Mussolini appeared in 1971.
As a poet D'Annuncio (1863-1938) made his debut at the age of sixteen with
PRIMO VERE (1879). The poems were inspired by Giosuè Carducci's Odi barbare [The
Barbarian Odes] (1877) In 1897 D'Annunzio was elected to parliament
for a three-year term. Accumulating debts forced D´Annunzio to flee
to France in 1910.
When World War I broke out, D'Annunzio returned to Italy and started
successful career as a military leader. He
made speeches, wrote articles exhorting his countrymen to assist the
Allied cause, and joined the air force, becoming one of Italy's most
celebrated heroes.
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UNDER CONSTRUCTION
(The Barbarian Odes contains the phrase "in sight of the three colors. Rezia, salute!
of free fathers daughter and to new glories freer! It is beautiful to the
beautiful sun]
and the Saluto D’Autunno [Autumn salute]
and SALUTO ITALICO
COURMAYEUR Conca in vivo smeraldo tra foschi passaggi dischiusa,
o pia Courmayeur, ti saluto.
Te da la gran Giurassa da l'ardüa Grivola bella
il sole piú amabile arride.
SALUTO D'AUTUNNO
Pe' verdi colli, da' cieli splendidi,
e ne' fiorenti campi de l'anima,
Delia, a voi tutto è una festa
4 di primavera: lungi le tombe!
(a better English translation Odi barbare was done by William Fletcher).